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<\/p>\nThe first form of roulette was devised in 18th-century France. Many historians believe Blaise Pascal introduced a primitive form of roulette in the 17th century in his search for a perpetual motion machine. The roulette mechanism is a hybrid of a gaming wheel invented in 1720 and the Italian game Biribi. A primitive form of roulette, known as ‘EO’ (Even\/Odd), was played in England in the late 18th century using a gaming wheel similar to that used in roulette.(\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90<\/a> )<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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1.\u5167\u5916\u6ce8\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u5728\u5167\u5340\u6216\u5916\u5340\u4e0b\u6ce8\u3002\u5167\u5340\u5305\u62ec\u55ae\u4e00\u6578\u5b57\u3001\u76f8\u9130\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u8ce0\u7387\u8f03\u9ad8\u4f46\u4e2d\u734e\u6a5f\u6703\u8f03\u4f4e\u3002\u5916\u5340\u5247\u5305\u62ec\u984f\u8272\u3001\u5947\u5076\u3001\u9ad8\u4f4e\u7b49\u7c21\u55ae\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u8ce0\u7387\u8f03\u4f4e\u4f46\u4e2d\u734e\u6a5f\u6703\u8f03\u9ad8\u3002
2.\u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u4e0a\uff0c\u82e5\u8a72\u6578\u5b57\u4e2d\u734e\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u7372\u5f97\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u8ce0\u7387\u3002
3.\u5206\u5340\u6ce8\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5728\u8f2a\u76e4\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u4f8b\u59821\u523012\u300113\u523024\u300125\u523036\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4e2d\u734e\u6a5f\u6703\u3002
4.\u5217\u6ce8\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5728\u8f2a\u76e4\u4e0a\u7684\u5217\uff08\u5982\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\uff09\uff0c\u64f4\u5927\u4e0b\u6ce8\u7bc4\u570d\u3002
5.\u89d2\u6ce8\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5728\u56db\u500b\u76f8\u9130\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e2d\u734e\u6a5f\u6703\u3002
6.\u8857\u6ce8\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5728\u4e00\u689d\u6c34\u5e73\u6392\u5217\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u76f8\u9130\u6578\u5b57\u4e0a\uff0c\u64f4\u5927\u4e0b\u6ce8\u7bc4\u570d\u3002
7.\u5206\u6578\u6ce8\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5728\u5169\u500b\u76f8\u9130\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5206\u6578\u5f62\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u4e0b\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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$\"\"$ <\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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1.\u96a8\u6642\u96a8\u5730\u904a\u73a9\uff1a \u7dda\u4e0a\u5a1b\u6a02\u57ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8624\/7\u7684\u904a\u6232\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4f7f\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u96a8\u6642\u96a8\u5730\u53c3\u8207\u6b50\u5f0f\u8f2a\u76e4\u7684\u904a\u6232\u3002\u4e0d\u518d\u53d7\u5230\u5be6\u9ad4\u8ced\u5834\u7684\u958b\u653e\u6642\u9593\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u904a\u6232\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u3002
2.\u591a\u7a2e\u7248\u672c\u548c\u8b8a\u9ad4\uff1a \u5728\u7dda\u4e0a\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u591a\u7a2e\u7248\u672c\u548c\u8b8a\u9ad4\u7684\u6b50\u5f0f\u8f2a\u76e4\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u9650\u6ce8\u3001\u4f4e\u9650\u6ce8\u3001\u591a\u7403\u8f2a\u76e4\u7b49\u3002\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9810\u7b97\u548c\u559c\u597d\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u5408\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002
3.\u5be6\u6642\u4e92\u52d5\uff1a \u8207\u5be6\u9ad4\u8ced\u5834\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7dda\u4e0a\u5a1b\u6a02\u57ce\u7684\u6b50\u5f0f\u8f2a\u76e4\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u5be6\u6642\u8996\u8a0a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u73a9\u5bb6\u80fd\u5920\u8207\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u8377\u5b98\u9032\u884c\u4e92\u52d5\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5be6\u6642\u4e92\u52d5\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u771f\u5be6\u611f\uff0c\u4f7f\u73a9\u5bb6\u66f4\u6295\u5165\u65bc\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\u3002
4.\u6578\u4f4d\u7279\u6548\u548c\u97f3\u6548\uff1a \u7dda\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6b50\u5f0f\u8f2a\u76e4\u901a\u5e38\u642d\u8f09\u4e86\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u6578\u4f4d\u7279\u6548\u548c\u97f3\u6548\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u904a\u6232\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u548c\u807d\u89ba\u4eab\u53d7\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u7684\u5448\u73fe\u65b9\u5f0f\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u904a\u6232\u7684\u5a1b\u6a02\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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1.\u8ced\u5834\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\uff1a \u73a9\u5bb6\u5728\u8ced\u5834\u4e2d\u9700\u4fdd\u6301\u51b7\u975c\u3001\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5fc3\u614b\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u60c5\u7dd2\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u53d7\u5230\u9023\u7e8c\u52dd\u5229\u6216\u640d\u5931\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u904a\u6232\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u88ab\u904e\u5ea6\u81ea\u4fe1\u6216\u6cae\u55aa\u6240\u5de6\u53f3\u3002
2.\u8ced\u6ce8\u6230\u7565\uff1a \u5236\u5b9a\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8ced\u6ce8\u6230\u7565\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6230\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u99ac\u4e01\u683c\u723e\u6cd5\u5247\uff08Martingale\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7ffb\u500d\u8ced\u6ce8\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ffd\u56de\u640d\u5931\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u9084\u6709\u9006\u8f49\u62c9\u535a\u8a2d\u6cd5\u5247\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6230\u7565\uff0c\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u98a8\u683c\u548c\u98a8\u96aa\u627f\u53d7\u80fd\u529b\u9078\u64c7\u6700\u9069\u5408\u7684\u6230\u7565\u3002
3.\u8ced\u6ce8\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a \u6709\u6548\u7684\u8ced\u6ce8\u7ba1\u7406\u5c0d\u65bc\u4fdd\u8b77\u73a9\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8ced\u6ce8\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u4e26\u907f\u514d\u8ffd\u52a0\u8ced\u6ce8\u4ee5\u8ffd\u8d95\u640d\u5931\u3002\u5728\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7406\u667a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u904e\u5ea6\u5192\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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<\/p>\nA martingale is a class of betting strategies that originated from and were popular in 18th-century France. The simplest of these strategies was designed for a game in which the gambler wins the stake if a coin comes up heads and loses if it comes up tails. The strategy had the gambler double the bet after every loss, so that the first win would recover all previous losses plus win a profit equal to the original stake. Thus the strategy is an instantiation of the St. Petersburg paradox.(\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90<\/a>)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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